The automobile suspension is a mechanism that connects the wheel and the body, supporting and damping the body. It mainly transfers the force between the wheel and the frame, and buffers the impact force transferred to the frame or body from the uneven road surface to reduce the vibration caused thereby, so as to ensure that the vehicle can run smoothly.
A typical automobile suspension structure is composed of elastic elements, shock absorbers and guide mechanisms, which play the roles of buffering, damping and force transmission respectively.
In general, there are two types of suspension: dependent suspension system and independent suspension system.
The structural feature of the non independent suspension system is that the wheels on both sides are connected by an integral frame, and the wheels and the axle are suspended under the frame or body through an elastic suspension system. The non independent suspension system has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high strength and small change of front wheel alignment during driving. However, the comfort and smoothness are poor, and now they are mostly used on trucks and buses.
The independent suspension system means that the wheels on each side are individually suspended under the frame or body through the elastic suspension system. When one wheel is impacted, it will not directly affect the other wheel. The utility model has the advantages that: the impact on the vehicle body is reduced, and the ground adhesion of the wheels is improved; Soft springs with small stiffness can be used to improve the comfort of cars; It can improve the driving stability of the vehicle; The left and right wheels beat independently, which can reduce the inclination and vibration of the body. Most modern cars use independent suspension systems. At present, the mainstream independent suspension systems include double wishbone, multi link and McPherson. In addition, there are active suspension systems such as air suspension that have emerged in recent years.
